The municipality of Madaba is located at latitude 31 north of the equator, 35 east of Greenwich, and 33 km southwest of the capital, Amman. It is the center of the governorate. Its population is 150 thousand people and its area is 54 km2.

The name Madaba is derived from a Syriac Aramaic word, which is composed of two words (mia) and (eba). The first word mia means water and the second word iba means fruit, so its meaning is water of the fruit. The first mention of the city of Madaba appeared in the Torah in the twelfth century BC when the masses of Hebrews arrived. The region was under the leadership of Moses, peace be upon him, and many civilizations came to the city, most notably the Moabites in 1160 BC, the Nabataeans, the Romans, the Byzantines, and the Islamic ones.

The Kingdom of Moab was located in the region south of the Mujib River, and its capital was (Qirhares), i.e. Karak, but with the passage of time, this kingdom began to expand northward, so they crossed the Hisban region and seized the lands, and Madaba was one of their most famous cities, in addition to Karak, Ma’in, Umm al-Rasas, and Dhiban. One of the oldest records about Madaba goes back to a monument to King Mesha in 1180 BC, which was erected as a memorial to commemorate the glories of Mesha bin Qamush. During the reign of this king, Madaba took on special importance because it was a holy place for the god of Moab. Since the sixth century BC, the Nabataeans began establishing what It was known as the Nabatean Kingdom from the eastern shores of the Dead Sea. It expanded north and south. During four centuries, the Nabataeans took control of most of the cities of the region, including the city of Madaba, which came under their control during the reign of King Aretas I in 169 BC. It was inhabited at that time by the Bani Yimri.

The Romans entered in 63 BC, when Bombay took control of Syria and spread to the south, but Al-Harith Al-Nabati prevented him from entering the region. On March 22, 106, the province of Nabatia was transformed into a Roman province by a Roman decree, and Bosra was its capital. The Romans built roads from Damascus to Bosra and some cities. Important cities such as Madaba. During this period, the Romans defined the city of Madaba according to the principles of Roman city planning. They surrounded the city with walls and established ponds to provide water in addition to wells.

When visiting the city of Madaba in the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan, it becomes clear to the visitor that this city was active during the Roman, Byzantine and Islamic eras in developing this art and it became a major feature of most of the architectural remains left by those civilizations, as mosaic floors were found in palaces, temples, churches and public houses to decorate and beautify these architectural buildings in a way. It is compatible with religious and social concepts and the surrounding environment.

These floors were decorated with general themes of social and secular life and the surrounding environment in various forms and gradually developed over the ages. They were stone pieces of large cubes, then small ones, colored and glazed.

Through archaeological excavations and discoveries that appeared during the last century in the city of Madaba, many of these floors appeared in huge sites, and hardly an archaeological site is devoid of the concepts of this art and its remains that immortalized the memory of the peoples and cultures that inhabited this city throughout its ages.

Madaba Governorate is full of many important archaeological sites, including mosaics, the Omari Mosque, and the Baths of Ma’in (the most famous of which are the Church of the Map, the Church of the Apostles, the Church of Al-Khader, the Church of the Virgin Mary, the Church of the Prophet Elijah, Al-Mukhayt, Makawar (gallows), Dhiban, Atarz, Hisban, Masuh, Umm Al-Rasas, Al-Lahoun, Al-Jubail, Al-Zaafaran, Al-Mashqar).

The city is still governed by old tribal law in addition to civil law, and there is Mount Nebo, which overlooks the Dead Sea, the lowest area in the world… There is a Palestinian refugee camp in the governorate supported by the United Nations Relief and Works Agency and the Jordanian government (UNRWA), which is affiliated with the United Nations.

Madaba Governorate has a large population, with a population of about 152,900